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Categories and Types of Artificial Intelligence

AI has 2 categories namely weak or strong. Weak AI also known as narrow AI. Weak AI is an AI system designed and trained for certain tasks. Weak AI can be a virtual personal assistant, like Apple Siri, Amazon’s Alexa, and Google Home. While strong AI, also known as general artificial intelligence, is an AI system with general human cognitive abilities. When a special task is presented, a strong AI system can find its own solution without human intervention. Strong AI acts more like a brain. It does not classify, but uses clustering and association to process data. In short, it means there isn’t a set answer to your keywords. 
Beside that, an assistant professor of integrative biology and computer science engineering at Michigan State University, Arend Hintze, categorizes AI into 4 types, ranging from existing AI systems to AI systems that are still in design. The categories are as follows:

  1. Reactive machine. An example is Deep Blue, the IBM chess program that defeated Garry Kasparov in the 1990s. Deep Blue can identify parts on a chessboard and make predictions, but it has no memory and cannot use past experience to predict the next step. He analyzed the possible steps of the opponent and himself and chose the most strategic steps. Deep Blue is designed for certain purposes and cannot be easily applied to other situations.
  2. Limited memory. This AI system can use past experience to predict steps taken in the future. Several decision functions in self-driving cars are designed in this way. Such observations inform actions that occur in the future but not on a remote scale, such as a car replacement path. This observation is not permanently stored.
  3. Theory of mind. This type of AI does not exist until now. This type of AI refers to a system that has its own beliefs and desires and intentions that influence the decisions they make.
  4. Self awareness. In this category, AI systems have awareness. Machines with self-awareness are able to understand their current situation and can use information to infer what other people feel. However, this type of AI does not yet exist until now.


Reference:

Rizky Septiani
106218069
IR-1 2018
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  1. Danny CooperJanuary 30, 2022 at 11:11 PM

    Very Informative and creative contents. This concept is a good way to enhance the knowledge.thanks for sharing. Continue to share your knowledge through articles like these, and keep posting on

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